| Lecture notes for the Introduction to Computer Science I by James Tam | Return to the course web page |
| Grade out of 18 | Letter |
| 18 | A+ |
| 17 | A |
| 16 | A- |
| 15 | B+ |
| 14 | B |
| 13 | B- |
| 12 | C+ |
| 11 | C |
| 10 | C- |
| 9 | D+ |
| 8 | D |
| 7 | D- |
| Less than 7 | F |
|
Number system |
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|
Value in decimal |
Value in binary |
Value in Octal |
Value in Hexadecimal |
| 100010 | 42 | 22 | |
| 255 | 377 | FF | |
| 256 | 100000000 | 100 | |
| 16.25 | 10000.010 | 20.2 | |
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
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| + |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
- | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
|
- |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
|
|
Number system |
||
|
Unsigned binary value |
One’s complement value |
Two’s complement value |
| 01011 | 01011 | |
| -01111 | 10001 | |
| 10111 | 11000 | |
| One's complement negate and add | Two's complement negate and add | ||||||||||
|
|
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
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|
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
|
- |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
|
|
- | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
|
1's |
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2's |
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U/S |
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U/S |
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(AND)
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|
T | T | T | F | F | F |
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AND |
F | T | F | T | F | T |
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(OR)
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|
T | T | T | F | F | F |
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OR |
F | T | F | T | F | T |
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(XOR)
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|
T | T | T | F | F | F |
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XOR |
F | T | F | T | F | T |
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(NAND)
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|
T | T | T | F | F | F |
|
NAND |
F | T | F | T | F | T |
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(NOR)
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T | T | T | F | F | F |
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NOR |
F | T | F | T | F | T |
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